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@media(max-width:800px){.wrap{width:calc(100% - 40px)}.header-inner{height:72px}html.js .header nav{display:none;position:absolute;top:72px;left:0;right:0;background:var(--surface-raised);flex-direction:column;padding:16px 20px 24px;gap:0;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}html.js .header nav.open{display:flex}.header nav a{padding:12px 0}.menu-toggle{display:flex;flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;align-items:center;gap:6px}.menu-toggle>span:not(.sr-only){display:block;width:22px;height:1px;background:var(--ink);transition:transform 180ms var(--ease-out)}.menu-toggle[aria-expanded=true]>span:first-child{transform:translateY(3.5px) rotate(45deg)}.menu-toggle[aria-expanded=true]>span:nth-child(2){transform:translateY(-3.5px) rotate(-45deg)}.hero,.hero-inner{min-height:570px}.hero-copy{width:70%}.hero h1{font-size:55px}.hero-image{object-position:63% center}.hero:after{background:linear-gradient(90deg,#102d27ee 0%,#102d27a0 45%,#102d2710 90%)}.hero-bio{max-width:350px}.identity{font-size:11px}.hero-actions{max-width:300px}.profile-top{gap:15px;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}.profile-copy h2{font-size:27px}.profile-copy h2 span{font-size:22px}.profile-copy p:not(.label){font-size:12px}.oxford{height:240px}.profile-bottom{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:15px}.stats>div{padding-inline:10px}.stats dd{font-size:30px}.stats dt{font-size:12px}.scholar{padding-left:16px}.scholar-heading>span{display:none}.scholar-data{gap:15px}.scholar-links{gap:15px;font-size:12px}.writing-grid{gap:25px;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}.small-story{grid-template-columns:75px 1fr;gap:12px}.small-story h3{font-size:16px}.small-story time{display:none}.feature-story h3{font-size:23px}.roundup{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:30px}.roundup article:nth-child(3){padding-left:0;border:0}.roundup h2 br{display:none}.roundup h2{font-size:35px}.series-grid{gap:15px}.series-card,.series-card>div{min-height:270px}.series-card>div{padding:20px 16px}.series-card h3{font-size:18px;padding:0}.topics{grid-template-columns:repeat(4,1fr);row-gap:24px}.topics>a:nth-child(4){border:0}.research-section h2{font-size:29px}.publications article{grid-template-columns:24px 1fr 120px 30px;gap:14px}.publications time{display:none}.publications h3{font-size:15px}.channels{gap:25px}.channel{grid-template-columns:1fr}.channel-image img{height:180px}.channel h3{font-size:25px}.newsletter{gap:25px;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}.subscribe .button{min-width:240px}.newsletter h2{font-size:26px}.footer-bottom nav{gap:16px}.footer-bottom .brand{font-size:20px}.back-top{display:none}}
@media(max-width:560px){html{scroll-padding-top:85px}.brand{font-size:23px}.brand span{font-size:11px;letter-spacing:.1em}.header-tools{gap:0}.header-inner{gap:8px}.header .icon-button,.header .menu-toggle{width:37px}.hero{min-height:760px}.hero-inner{min-height:760px;padding-top:43px;padding-bottom:25px;justify-content:flex-start}.hero-image{height:360px;top:auto;bottom:0;object-position:85% center;object-fit:cover;width:100%}.hero:after{background:linear-gradient(180deg,#102d27 0%,#102d27 48%,#102d2700 75%,#102d270d 100%)}.hero-copy{width:100%;max-width:none}.hero h1{font-size:51px;line-height:1.05}.identity{font-size:11px;letter-spacing:.12em;margin-bottom:20px}.hero-bio{font-size:13px;max-width:100%;line-height:1.8;margin-top:21px}.hero-actions{gap:9px;max-width:none;margin-top:22px}.button{font-size:12px;padding:11px 13px;gap:8px;min-height:44px}.hero-scroll{margin-top:auto;align-self:start;color:#fff;background:#102d27d9;padding:8px 13px;border-radius:2px;font-size:11px}.hero-scroll span{font-size:15px}.profile-section{padding-top:37px}.profile-top{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:10px}.profile-copy h2{font-size:28px}.profile-copy h2 span{font-size:23px}.profile-copy p:not(.label){font-size:13px}.oxford{height:auto;max-height:210px;object-fit:contain}.profile-bottom{grid-template-columns:1fr;padding-block:23px;gap:25px}.stats>div{padding:0 20px}.stats dd{font-size:35px}.stats dt{font-size:12px}.scholar{border-left:0;border-top:1px solid var(--line);padding:20px 0 0}.scholar-heading>span{display:block}.scholar-data{grid-template-columns:1.2fr 1fr;gap:35px}.scholar-links{font-size:12px;gap:30px}.section{padding-block:43px}.section-heading{gap:15px;margin-bottom:23px;align-items:flex-end}.section-heading .text-link{font-size:12px;gap:7px}.section-heading .text-link[lang=bn]{font-size:13px}.section-heading p:not(.label){font-size:12px}.section-heading h2{font-size:29px}.section-heading h2[lang=bn]{font-size:30px}.writing-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:30px}.feature-story .story-image img{aspect-ratio:1.6}.feature-story h3{font-size:24px}.feature-story .story-copy p{-webkit-line-clamp:3}.small-story{grid-template-columns:100px 1fr;gap:17px;padding-bottom:20px;margin-bottom:20px}.small-story h3{font-size:17px}.small-story time{display:block;font-size:12px}.small-story .meta{gap:5px}.small-story .story-image img{aspect-ratio:1}.small-story .text-link{min-height:35px}.roundup{grid-template-columns:1fr;padding-block:35px;gap:0}.roundup-intro{padding-bottom:25px}.roundup h2 br{display:none}.roundup h2{font-size:38px}.roundup-intro>p{max-width:290px}.roundup article,.roundup article:nth-child(3){border-left:0;border-top:1px solid var(--line-mid);padding:22px 0}.roundup article:last-child{padding-bottom:0}.roundup article h3{font-size:22px;-webkit-line-clamp:3}.roundup article p{-webkit-line-clamp:2;font-size:13px}.roundup article .text-link{margin:8px 0 0;padding:0}.series-section{padding-block:40px}.series-section .section-heading{display:block}.series-section .section-heading h2{font-size:29px}.series-section .section-heading .text-link{margin-top:12px}.series-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:18px}.series-card,.series-card>div{min-height:260px}.series-card>div{padding:24px}.series-card h3{font-size:27px;max-width:280px}.series-card>img{object-position:center 55%}.series-link{margin-top:12px;width:37px;height:37px}.topics{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,1fr);gap:0}.topics>a{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);padding:22px 12px 16px}.topics>a:nth-child(even){border-right:0}.topics>a:last-child{border-bottom:1px solid var(--line);grid-column:1/-1}.topics strong{font-size:13px}.topics strong[lang=bn]{font-size:17px}.topics span{font-size:12px}.topics>a>svg:first-child{margin-bottom:12px}.research-section{padding-bottom:0}.research-section .section-heading{display:block}.research-section .section-heading .text-link{margin-top:8px;font-size:12px}.research-section h2{font-size:31px}.publications article{grid-template-columns:22px 1fr 30px;gap:8px 13px;padding:20px 0}.publications h3{font-size:17px;grid-column:2;grid-row:1}.publications p{grid-column:2;font-size:12px}.publication-number{grid-column:1;grid-row:1;align-self:start;margin-top:4px}.circle-link{grid-column:3;grid-row:1/3}.affiliations{font-size:12px;gap:7px 16px;padding-top:16px}.channels{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:25px}.channel{grid-template-columns:43% 1fr;gap:18px}.channel-image img{height:155px}.channel h3{font-size:23px}.channel .label{font-size:12px}.channel p{font-size:12px}.channel .text-link{font-size:12px;gap:5px}.profile-links{margin-top:25px;gap:7px}.profile-links>a{font-size:12px;justify-content:space-between;padding:8px;min-height:40px}.profile-links>a svg:last-child{display:none}.newsletter{grid-template-columns:1fr;padding-block:40px;gap:25px}.newsletter h2{font-size:28px}.newsletter p:not(.label){font-size:12px}.subscribe{justify-self:stretch}.subscribe .button{width:100%;font-size:12px;min-height:48px}.subscribe>p{text-align:left}.footer-bottom{align-items:flex-start;flex-direction:column;gap:23px;padding-block:25px}.footer-bottom nav{width:100%;justify-content:space-between;font-size:12px}.footer-bottom .brand{font-size:25px}.search-panel{max-height:calc(100dvh - 72px);padding-top:20px}.search-panel label{font-size:27px}#search-results{grid-template-columns:1fr}.search-row input{font-size:16px}.close-search{font-size:0}.close-search span{font-size:26px}}
@media(prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){html{scroll-behavior:auto}*,*:before,*:after{animation:none!important;transition-duration:.01ms!important}.button:active{transform:none!important}}
.roundup article .roundup-excerpt{font:16px/1.65 var(--serif);color:var(--ink);display:block;overflow:visible;margin-top:0}.profile-copy .profile-roles{font-size:12px!important;line-height:1.6;color:var(--green)!important;margin-top:10px!important}
@media(min-width:561px) and (max-width:800px){.hero-image{object-position:82% center}.hero-copy{width:65%}.hero h1{font-size:49px}.hero:after{background:linear-gradient(90deg,#102d27f0 0%,#102d27a6 38%,#102d2700 68%)}}
@media(max-width:560px){.hero{min-height:830px}.hero-inner{min-height:830px}.hero:after{background:linear-gradient(180deg,#102d27 0%,#102d27 55%,#102d2700 80%)}.hero-bio{font-size:13px}.hero h1{font-size:47px}.roundup article .roundup-excerpt{font-size:18px}}
@media(max-width:560px){.brand{font-size:20px;white-space:normal}.brand span{font-size:11px;letter-spacing:0}.hero .identity{font-size:11px;letter-spacing:.08em}.hero-actions{gap:8px}.hero-actions .button{font-size:13px}.hero{min-height:860px}.hero-inner{min-height:860px}.profile-links>a{font-size:12px}.section-heading .text-link{font-size:12px}}

/* Inline newsletter form: native validation, visible keyboard focus, mobile sizing. */
.subscribe{width:min(100%,460px)}.newsletter-fields{display:flex;background:var(--surface-raised);border-radius:3px;overflow:visible}.newsletter-fields input{width:100%;min-width:0;flex:1;border:1px solid var(--line);border-radius:3px 0 0 3px;padding:15px 17px;font:14px var(--sans);color:var(--ink);background:var(--surface-raised)}.newsletter-fields input::placeholder{color:var(--muted)}.newsletter-fields .button{width:auto;flex-shrink:0;border-radius:0 3px 3px 0;min-height:52px;padding-inline:19px}.subscribe form>p{font-size:12px;color:#d1dfd6;margin-top:12px}.subscribe #newsletter-status:empty{display:none}.subscribe #newsletter-status a{text-decoration:underline;color:var(--gold)}@media(max-width:560px){.newsletter-fields input{font-size:16px;padding-inline:12px}.newsletter-fields .button{font-size:12px;padding-inline:13px}.newsletter-fields .button svg{width:16px}.subscribe{width:100%}}

.subscribe .newsletter-fields .button{min-width:0;width:auto;flex:0 0 auto}

.channel-logo{background:var(--wash)}.channel-logo img{object-fit:contain;padding:12px}@media(min-width:801px){.hero-image{object-position:center top}}
/* Restore portrait presence while retaining a little headroom. */
@media(min-width:801px){.hero-image{scale:1.1;transform-origin:right bottom}}

.channel-cover{overflow:hidden;background:var(--forest)}.channel-cover img{object-fit:cover;padding:0;object-position:center}

/* Motion communicates grouping and interaction, without continuous movement. */
@media(prefers-reduced-motion:no-preference){
  .hero-copy{animation-duration:650ms}.hero-image{animation-duration:850ms}
  .reveal-in{animation-duration:480ms}
  .series-grid.reveal-in,.channels.reveal-in{animation:none}
  .series-grid.reveal-in>.series-card,.channels.reveal-in>.channel{animation:card-arrive 460ms var(--ease-out) both}
  .series-grid.reveal-in>:nth-child(2),.channels.reveal-in>:nth-child(2){animation-delay:65ms}
  .series-grid.reveal-in>:nth-child(3){animation-delay:130ms}
  .search-panel:not([hidden]){animation:disclosure-enter 180ms var(--ease-out)}
  .header nav.open{animation:disclosure-enter 180ms var(--ease-out)}
  .play,.series-link,.circle-link,.topics>a,.profile-links>a{transition:background-color 180ms ease,transform 180ms var(--ease-out),border-color 180ms ease}
  .button svg,.back-top{transition:transform 180ms var(--ease-out)}
  .newsletter-fields{transition:box-shadow 180ms ease}
  .newsletter-fields:focus-within{box-shadow:0 0 0 4px #e0c48030}
  #newsletter-status:not(:empty){animation:disclosure-enter 180ms var(--ease-out)}
  @keyframes card-arrive{from{opacity:.6;transform:translateY(12px)}to{opacity:1;transform:none}}
  @keyframes disclosure-enter{from{opacity:.5;transform:translateY(-5px)}to{opacity:1;transform:none}}
}
@media(hover:hover) and (pointer:fine) and (prefers-reduced-motion:no-preference){
  .channel:hover .play,.channel:focus-visible .play{transform:scale(1.08);background:var(--gold)}
  .series-card:hover .series-link{transform:translateX(3px)}
  .button:hover svg{transform:translateX(3px)}
  .back-top:hover{transform:translateY(-3px)}
}
@media(prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){.story-image:hover img,.channel:hover img,.series-card:hover>img{transform:none}}
/* A paced hero entrance: establish the scene, then introduce the content. */
@media(prefers-reduced-motion:no-preference){
  .hero-copy{animation:none}
  .hero-image{animation:hero-scene 1800ms cubic-bezier(.16,1,.3,1) both}
  /* Short and early, so the copy and buttons are readable at first paint. */
  .hero-copy .identity{animation:hero-settle 600ms cubic-bezier(.16,1,.3,1) both}
  .hero-copy h1{animation:hero-settle 700ms cubic-bezier(.16,1,.3,1) 60ms both}
  .hero-copy .hero-bio{animation:hero-settle 650ms cubic-bezier(.16,1,.3,1) 120ms both}
  .hero-copy .hero-actions{animation:hero-settle 600ms cubic-bezier(.16,1,.3,1) 180ms both}
  @keyframes hero-settle{from{opacity:.7;transform:translateY(14px)}to{opacity:1;transform:translateY(0)}}
  @keyframes hero-scene{from{opacity:.4;transform:translateY(12px) scale(1.025)}to{opacity:1;transform:translateY(0) scale(1)}}
  .hero:focus-within .hero-actions,.hero-scroll:focus-visible{animation:none}
}
/* Atmospheric paint layers stay behind the reading surface. */
.series-section{position:relative;isolation:isolate;overflow:hidden}
.series-section>.wrap{position:relative;z-index:2}
.series-section:before,.series-section:after{content:'';position:absolute;inset:-12%;pointer-events:none;z-index:0;background:url('img/series-texture.webp') center/cover no-repeat;opacity:0}
@media(prefers-reduced-motion:no-preference){
 .series-section:before{opacity:.38;mix-blend-mode:screen;animation:paint-drift 26s ease-in-out infinite alternate;animation-play-state:paused}
 .series-section:after{opacity:.18;mix-blend-mode:screen;animation:paint-counterdrift 34s ease-in-out infinite alternate;animation-play-state:paused;mask-image:linear-gradient(90deg,#000,transparent 45%,#000)}
 .series-section.fog-active:before,.series-section.fog-active:after{animation-play-state:running}
 @keyframes paint-drift{from{transform:translate3d(-3%,1%,0) scale(1.03)}to{transform:translate3d(3%,-2%,0) scale(1.1)}}
 @keyframes paint-counterdrift{from{transform:translate3d(3%,-2%,0) scale(1.12)}to{transform:translate3d(-3%,2%,0) scale(1.02)}}
}

/* Reveal content in small reading groups; never intercept wheel/touch scrolling. */
@media(prefers-reduced-motion:no-preference){
 .writing-grid.reveal-in,.roundup.reveal-in,.topics.reveal-in,.publications.reveal-in,.profile-bottom.reveal-in,.profile-links.reveal-in{animation:none}
 .writing-grid.reveal-in>* ,.roundup.reveal-in>*,.topics.reveal-in>a,.publications.reveal-in>article,.profile-bottom.reveal-in>*,.profile-links.reveal-in>a{animation:reading-arrive 650ms var(--ease-out) both}
 .writing-grid.reveal-in>:nth-child(2),.roundup.reveal-in>:nth-child(2),.topics.reveal-in>:nth-child(2),.publications.reveal-in>:nth-child(2),.profile-bottom.reveal-in>:nth-child(2){animation-delay:80ms}
 .roundup.reveal-in>:nth-child(3),.topics.reveal-in>:nth-child(3),.publications.reveal-in>:nth-child(3){animation-delay:160ms}
 .roundup.reveal-in>:nth-child(4),.topics.reveal-in>:nth-child(4),.publications.reveal-in>:nth-child(4){animation-delay:240ms}
 .topics.reveal-in>:nth-child(n+5){animation-delay:300ms}
 .profile-links.reveal-in>a{animation-duration:400ms}
 .publications article{transition:background-color 180ms ease}
 @keyframes reading-arrive{from{opacity:.7;transform:translateY(16px)}to{opacity:1;transform:translateY(0)}}
}
@media(hover:hover) and (pointer:fine){.publications article:hover,.publications article:focus-within{background:var(--wash)}}

.oxford-sketch{display:block;overflow:hidden}
@media(prefers-reduced-motion:no-preference){
 .oxford-sketch.sketch-ready .sketch-base{fill:black}
 .oxford-sketch.sketch-ready .brush-stroke{stroke-dasharray:1;stroke-dashoffset:1}
 .oxford-sketch.sketch-drawing .brush-stroke{animation:oxford-brush 950ms cubic-bezier(.4,0,.2,1) var(--stroke-delay) both}
 @keyframes oxford-brush{to{stroke-dashoffset:0}}
}
/* Let the painted surface itself move, rather than hiding drift over a static copy. */
@media(prefers-reduced-motion:no-preference){
 .series-section{background-image:none}
 .series-section:before{opacity:1;mix-blend-mode:normal;animation:paint-visible-drift 14s linear infinite alternate;animation-play-state:paused}
 .series-section:after{opacity:.32;animation:paint-visible-counter 19s linear infinite alternate;animation-play-state:paused}
 .series-section.fog-active:before,.series-section.fog-active:after{animation-play-state:running}
 @keyframes paint-visible-drift{from{transform:translate3d(-5%,-2%,0) scale(1.04)}to{transform:translate3d(5%,3%,0) scale(1.13)}}
 @keyframes paint-visible-counter{from{transform:translate3d(5%,3%,0) scale(1.13)}to{transform:translate3d(-5%,-3%,0) scale(1.03)}}
}
/* Navigation uses its own animated underline. */
.header nav a:hover,.header nav a:focus-visible{text-decoration:none}

/* Dark theme: follows the system setting unless the visitor picks a theme with the header toggle. */
:root{color-scheme:light}
@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){:root:not([data-theme=light]){--ink:#e4ede8;--muted:#94a89f;--green:#93cbb3;--line:#263f37;--wash:#132620;--surface:#0e1d19;--surface-raised:#172b25;--header-bg:#0e1d19f2;--chip:#1c332c;--line-soft:#1d322b;--line-mid:#2c463d;--line-strong:#3a564c;--field-line:#6d8a7e;--pressed-bg:#cfe3d8;--pressed-fg:#0e1d19;--focus:#e0c480;--selection-bg:#2f5b4d;--selection-fg:#f0f5f2;--scroll-thumb:#4d6a5f;--scroll-track:#0e1d19;--art-filter:invert(1) sepia(.25) hue-rotate(110deg);--art-blend:screen;--art-opacity:.78;color-scheme:dark}}
:root[data-theme=dark]{--ink:#e4ede8;--muted:#94a89f;--green:#93cbb3;--line:#263f37;--wash:#132620;--surface:#0e1d19;--surface-raised:#172b25;--header-bg:#0e1d19f2;--chip:#1c332c;--line-soft:#1d322b;--line-mid:#2c463d;--line-strong:#3a564c;--field-line:#6d8a7e;--pressed-bg:#cfe3d8;--pressed-fg:#0e1d19;--focus:#e0c480;--selection-bg:#2f5b4d;--selection-fg:#f0f5f2;--scroll-thumb:#4d6a5f;--scroll-track:#0e1d19;--art-filter:invert(1) sepia(.25) hue-rotate(110deg);--art-blend:screen;--art-opacity:.78;color-scheme:dark}
/* Give the reveal stacking context a backdrop and blend the complete SVG. */
.profile-top{background:var(--surface)}
.oxford-sketch{filter:var(--art-filter);mix-blend-mode:var(--art-blend);opacity:var(--art-opacity)}
.theme-toggle .icon-sun{display:none}
@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){:root:not([data-theme=light]) .theme-toggle .icon-sun{display:block}:root:not([data-theme=light]) .theme-toggle .icon-moon{display:none}}
:root[data-theme=dark] .theme-toggle .icon-sun{display:block}:root[data-theme=dark] .theme-toggle .icon-moon{display:none}
/* Header without JS, menu scrim and search field. */
@media(max-width:800px){html:not(.js) .header-inner{flex-wrap:wrap}html:not(.js) .header nav{order:3;width:100%;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:0 20px;padding-bottom:6px}html:not(.js) .menu-toggle{display:none}body:has(#main-nav.open):after{content:'';position:fixed;inset:0;z-index:40;background:#06141199}}
.search-row input::-webkit-search-cancel-button{-webkit-appearance:none;appearance:none}
html:not(.js) .theme-toggle{display:none}
/* Phones: latest writing comes straight after the hero. */
@media(max-width:800px){main:has(> .hero){display:flex;flex-direction:column}main:has(> .hero)>.hero{order:-2}main:has(> .hero)>#writing{order:-1}}
/* Without JavaScript the nav sits on its own row, so the header grows with it. */
@media(max-width:800px){html:not(.js) .header{position:static}html:not(.js) .header-inner{height:auto;min-height:72px;padding-block:10px}}
.hero-bio,.story-copy p,.roundup-excerpt{text-wrap:pretty}
/* Avoid single words alone on the last line of paragraphs and list items. */
p,li{text-wrap:pretty}